Topological solitons are extraordinary waves or dislocations that exhibit characteristics akin to particles. Unlike typical waves that spread out and eventually vanish (like ripples on a pond), topological solitons maintain their shape and position while moving around. Imagine a kink in a coiled telephone cord or a large protein molecule—these are examples of topological solitons at different length scales. Even on a cosmic scale, a black hole can be understood as a topological soliton woven into the fabric of spacetime.
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