Nuclear power is emerging as a crucial element in the transition to a low-carbon energy system. With a global capacity of 396 gigawatts as of late 2023, and significant investments in new projects, nuclear energy offers substantial benefits in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and providing reliable baseload power. However, its widespread adoption faces challenges such as high construction costs, long lead times, and complex waste management issues. Addressing these challenges, investing in advanced technologies, and fostering international cooperation will be essential for nuclear power to contribute effectively to a sustainable energy future.